Indatshana yamalungelo abantu

Amalungelo abantu angenye yezinto ezibalulekile okufanele sicabange ngazo ezimpilweni zethu. Kuwo wonke umlando, abantu baye balwela ukuvikela amalungelo abo nenkululeko, futhi namuhla, lesi isihloko esikhona manje nesibalulekile emhlabeni wonke. Amalungelo abantu yilawo malungelo ayisisekelo, ahlonishwa ngumthetho futhi okumele ahlonishwe yibo bonke.

Elinye lamalungelo abantu abaluleke kakhulu ilungelo lokuphila. Leli yilungelo eliyisisekelo lawo wonke umuntu lokuvikelwa ekulimaleni ngokomzimba noma ekuziphatheni, ukuphathwa ngesithunzi nokubeka umbono wakhe ngokukhululeka. Leli lungelo liqinisekiswa yizivumelwano eziningi zamazwe ngamazwe futhi libhekwa njengelinye lamalungelo abantu abaluleke kakhulu.

Elinye ilungelo eliyisisekelo ilungelo lenkululeko kanye nokulingana. Kubhekiselwa elungelweni lokukhululeka nokungacwaswa ngokohlanga, ubuzwe, inkolo, ubulili nanoma yisiphi esinye isizathu. Ilungelo lenkululeko nokulingana kufanele livikelwe yimithetho nezikhungo zombuso, kodwa nawumphakathi wonkana.

Futhi, amalungelo abantu ahlanganisa nelungelo lemfundo kanye nentuthuko yomuntu siqu. Kuyilungelo eliyisisekelo lawo wonke umuntu ukuthola imfundo esezingeni eliphezulu futhi athuthukise amakhono akhe kanye namakhono akhe. Imfundo ibalulekile ukuze sithuthuke njengabantu ngabanye futhi sibe nekusasa elingcono.

Isici sokuqala esibalulekile samalungelo abantu ukuthi awomhlaba wonke. Lokhu kusho ukuthi la malungelo asebenza kubo bonke abantu, kungakhathaliseki uhlanga, ubulili, inkolo, ubuzwe nanoma iyiphi enye indlela. Wonke umuntu unelungelo lempilo enesithunzi, inkululeko kanye nokuhlonipha isithunzi sakhe sobuntu. Iqiniso lokuthi amalungelo abantu akhona emhlabeni wonke liqashelwa emhlabeni wonke nge-Universal Declaration of Human Rights eyamukelwa yiZizwe Ezihlangene ngo-1948.

Esinye isici esibalulekile samalungelo abantu ukuthi awahlukaniseki futhi ancike komunye nomunye. Lokhu kusho ukuthi wonke amalungelo abantu abaluleke ngokulinganayo nokuthi umuntu akakwazi ukukhuluma ngelinye ilungelo ngaphandle kokucabangela amanye amalungelo. Isibonelo, ilungelo lemfundo libaluleke njengelungelo lezempilo noma ilungelo lokusebenza. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukwephulwa kwelungelo elilodwa kungase kuthinte amanye amalungelo. Isibonelo, ukuntuleka kwelungelo lenkululeko kungase kuthinte ilungelo lokuphila noma ilungelo lokuqulwa kwecala ngendlela efanele.

Okokugcina, esinye isici esibalulekile samalungelo abantu ukuthi awanakuthathelwa indawo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi angeke zithathwe noma zihoxiswe kubantu ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo. Amalungelo abantu aqinisekiswa ngumthetho futhi kufanele ahlonishwe iziphathimandla, kungakhathalekile isimo nanoma iyiphi enye into. Lapho amalungelo abantu ephulwa, kubalulekile ukuthi labo abathintekayo baphendule futhi baqinisekise ukuthi ukuhlukunyezwa okunjalo akuphindi kwenzeke esikhathini esizayo.

Sengiphetha, amalungelo abantu abaluleke kakhulu emphakathini okhululekile nonentando yeningi. Kufanele bavikelwe futhi bahlonishwe yibo bonke, futhi ukwephulwa kwabo kufanele bajeziswe. Okokugcina, kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi sonke singabantu futhi kufanele siphathane ngenhlonipho nangokuqondana, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi sihluke ngani ngokwesiko noma okunye.

Ngomuntu namalungelo akhe

Amalungelo abantu athathwa njengamalungelo ayisisekelo awo wonke umuntu, kungakhathalekile ukuthi uluphi uhlanga, inkolo, ubulili, ubuzwe nanoma iyiphi enye indlela yokuhlukanisa. Lawa malungelo aye aqashelwa futhi avikelwa emhlabeni wonke ngokusebenzisa izivumelwano, izivumelwano nezimemezelo ezihlukahlukene.

Isimemezelo sokuqala samazwe ngamazwe esaqaphela amalungelo abantu kwakuyi-Universal Declaration of Human Rights, esamukelwa yi-United Nations General Assembly ngo-December 10, 1948. Lesi simemezelo samukela amalungelo anjengelungelo lokuphila, ilungelo lenkululeko nokulondeka, ilungelo ukulingana phambi komthetho, ilungelo lokusebenza nezinga lokuphila elihloniphekile, ilungelo lemfundo nokunye okuningi.

Ngaphezu kweSimemezelo Somhlaba Wonke Samalungelo Abantu, kunezinye izivumelwano nezivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe ezivikela futhi zithuthukise amalungelo abantu, njenge-European Convention on Human Rights kanye ne-International Convention on the Elimination of All Types of Racial Discrimination.

Ezingeni likazwelonke, amazwe amaningi amukele uMthethosisekelo owamukela futhi ovikela amalungelo abantu. Futhi, emazweni amaningi kunezinhlangano nezikhungo ezikhethekile ekuvikelweni nasekukhuthazeni amalungelo abantu, njengeKhomishini Kazwelonke Yamalungelo Abantu.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi amalungelo abantu akuyona nje indaba yezomthetho noma yezombangazwe, kodwa futhi yindaba yokuziphatha. Zisekelwe embonweni wokuthi wonke umuntu unegugu nesithunzi sangaphakathi, nokuthi lezi zindinganiso kufanele zihlonishwe futhi zivikelwe.

Ukuphepha nokuvikelwa kwamalungelo abantu yizihloko ezikhathaza umhlaba wonke futhi kuwukukhathazeka njalo ngezikhungo zamazwe ngamazwe njengeNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene nezinye izinhlangano zesifunda nezikazwelonke. Enye yezimpumelelo ezibaluleke kakhulu zamalungelo abantu yisimemezelo se-Universal Declaration of Human Rights, esamukelwa yi-United Nations General Assembly ngo-December 10, 1948. Sichaza amalungelo angenakugwenywa awo wonke umuntu, kungakhathaliseki uhlanga, ubuzwe, inkolo, ubulili noma esinye isimo.

Amalungelo abantu akhona emhlabeni wonke futhi ahlanganisa ilungelo lokuphila, inkululeko nokuvikeleka, ilungelo lokulingana phambi komthetho, inkululeko yokukhuluma, ukuhlangana nokuhlangana, ilungelo lokusebenza, imfundo, isiko kanye nempilo. La malungelo kufanele ahlonishwe futhi avikelwe yiziphathimandla, futhi abantu banelungelo lokufuna ubulungisa nokuvikelwa uma bephulwa.

Naphezu kwenqubekelaphambili eseyenziwe ekuvikeleni nasekukhuthazeni amalungelo abantu, asaphulwa ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba. Ukuhlukunyezwa kwamalungelo abantu kungatholakala ekubandlululweni ngokobuhlanga, udlame olubhekiswe kwabesifazane nezingane, ukuhlukunyezwa, ukuboshwa okungekho emthethweni noma ngokungekho emthethweni, kanye nemikhawulo yenkululeko yokukhuluma nokuzihlanganisa.

Ngakho, kubalulekile ukuhlala uqaphile futhi ukhuthaze amalungelo abantu ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke. Ngamunye wethu uneqhaza okufanele alibambe ekuvikeleni nasekukhuthazeni la malungelo ngokuxoxisana nomphakathi, ukuqwashisa kanye nokufundisa. Amalungelo abantu akumele abe yindaba yabaholi bezombusazwe kanye nezinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe kuphela, kodwa kufanele abe ukukhathazeka kwawo wonke umphakathi.

Sengiphetha, amalungelo abantu abalulekile ekuvikelweni kwesithunzi nenkululeko yawo wonke umuntu. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela nokukhuthaza la malungelo ezweni nasemhlabeni wonke ukuze bonke abantu bahlale endaweni ephephile nehlonipha amalungelo abo ayisisekelo.

Indatshana yamalungelo abantu

Njengabantu, sinamalungelo athile esiwazisa kakhulu futhi esiwazisa kakhulu. Lawa malungelo aqinisekisa inkululeko yethu nokulingana, kodwa futhi avikeleke ekubandlululweni nasekuhlukunyezweni. Ziphinde zisivumele ukuthi siphile impilo ehloniphekile futhi siqaphele amandla ethu ngendlela ephephile nengenamingcele. Kule ndaba, ngizohlola ukubaluleka kwamalungelo abantu nokuthi asenza kanjani sikwazi ukuphila izimpilo zabantu ngokweqiniso.

Isizathu sokuqala nesibaluleke kakhulu esenza ukuthi amalungelo abantu abaluleke ukuthi aqinisekisa inkululeko yethu. Amalungelo asivumela ukuba siveze imicabango nemibono yethu ngokukhululekile, samukele inkolo yethu esiyithandayo noma inkolelo yezombangazwe, ukukhetha nokwenza umsebenzi esiwufunayo, futhi sishade nalabo esibafisayo. Ngaphandle kwalawa malungelo, besingeke sikwazi ukuthuthukisa ubuntu bethu noma ukuba yilokho esifuna ukuba yikho. Amalungelo ethu asivumela ukuthi sizichaze futhi siziveze ezweni elisizungezile.

Amalungelo abantu aphinde aqinisekise ukulingana kwabo bonke abantu, kungakhathalekile uhlanga, ubulili, ukukhetha ubulili noma inkolo. Amalungelo asivikela ekubandlululweni futhi asivumele ukuthi sifinyelele emathubeni afanayo nanoma ubani omunye. Lawa malungelo asivumela ukuthi siphathwe ngesizotha nangenhlonipho futhi singabi ngaphansi kwezimo ezicindezelayo njengezimo zomphakathi noma izinga leholo. Ngakho-ke, bonke abantu bayalingana futhi bafanelwe ukuphathwa kanjalo.

Okunye okubalulekile kwamalungelo abantu ukuthi ayasivikela ekuhlukunyezweni nasebudloveni obuvela kwabanye abantu noma uhulumeni. Amalungelo asivikela ekuboshweni ngokungafanele, ekuhlushweni, ekubulaweni ngaphandle kwenkantolo noma kwezinye izinhlobo zodlame. Lawa malungelo abalulekile ukuze kuvikelwe inkululeko nokuvikeleka komuntu ngamunye kanye nokuvimbela ukuhlukumeza nokuxhashazwa kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo.

Sengiphetha, amalungelo abantu abalulekile ukuze siphile impilo yomuntu ngempela futhi sithuthukise ubuntu bethu namandla ethu. La malungelo asivumela ukuba sikhululeke futhi silingane futhi siphile emphakathini ovikela ukuphepha nokuphila kahle kwabo bonke abantu. Kubalulekile ukuthi sihlale sikhumbula ukubaluleka kwamalungelo abantu futhi sisebenzisane ukuze siwavikele futhi siwaqinise, ngokwethu kanye nezizukulwane ezizayo.